Bachelor of Environmental Science & Technology COURSES DESCRIPTION

DESCRIPTION OF COURSES

EST 101 Introductions to Environmental Sciences

The nature of our planet and how did it form. Earth’s internal structure and its dynamical character.
Major environmental hazards (ozone depletion, hurricanes, global warming and depletion of water resources) as examples of risk management.
The scientific principles underlying each hazard and examination how social and economic policies were or should be developed and implemented to mitigate the perceived risk.
Environmental Risks and Disasters: Introduction to risks and hazards in the environment.
Basic physical principles controlling the hazardous phenomena and simple quantitative methods for making scientifically reasoned assessments of the threats (to health and wealth) posed by various events, processes, and exposures.
Methods of risk mitigation and sociological, psychological, and economic aspects of risk control and management.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. 1. Introduction to Environmental Science: Earth and Man  by Prof Malcolm Cresser (Author), Dr Lesley Batty (Author), Dr Alistair Boxall (Author), Paperback: 624 pages ISBN-10: 0131789325 ISBN-13: 978-0131789326
      Introduction to Environmental Science: Earth and Man provides a comprehensive and fully integrated interdisciplinary introduction to our planet, covering the complex interactions between chemistry, physics, biology, geology, hydrology, climatology, social science and environmental policy.
      Written in a lively and engaging style, it aims to stimulate interest in this dynamic and important area, and facilitate new ways of thinking about how environmental problems should be critically evaluated and solved.
      The text presents a detailed study of how environments and systems such as waters, soils and the atmosphere evolved naturally, and also introduces discussion of the scientific processes and research that underpin and inform our knowledge. It then builds on this foundation by investigating human impacts and their potential harmful consequences, such as those of man-made chemicals, food production, and soil and atmospheric pollution, before considering strategies for creating truly sustainable solutions to these problems.
      Throughout the book readers are encouraged to think critically about research and to question their preconceptions, enabling them to develop the skills, understanding and enthusiasm necessary to become successful environmental scientists and policy makers of the future.

EST 102 General Chemistry I Introduction

(atomic theory, atomic and molecular orbitals, periodic system of elements) chemical bonds, nomenclature, physical and chemical properties of inorganic elements of (oxidations, redox reactions, free radicals, etc). Chemical equilibrium, ionic equilibrium, acids, bases, hydrolysis, buffer solutions, precipitation, stoichiometric analysis. Titrations. Principles of Chemical Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. General Chemistry by Linus Pauling 992 pages ISBN 0486134652 , 9780486134659
   When it was first published, this first-year chemistry text revolutionized the teaching of chemistry by presenting it in terms of unifying principles instead of as a body of unrelated facts.
   Those principles included modern theories of atomic and molecular structure, quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics and thermodynamics.
   In addition, Dr. Pauling attempted to correlate the theories with descriptive chemistry, the observed properties of substances, to introduce the student to the multitude of chemical substances and their properties.
   In this extensively revised and updated third edition, the Nobel Prize–winning author maintains an excellent balance between theoretical and descriptive material, although the amount of descriptive chemistry has been decreased somewhat, and the presentation of the subject, especially in relation to the non-metals, has been revised in such a way as to permit greater correlation with the electronic structure of atoms, especially electronegativity.
   The principles of quantum mechanics are discussed on the basis of the de Broglie wavelength of the electron.
   The quantized energy levels of a particle in a box are derived by means of a simple assumption about the relation of the de Broglie waves to the walls of the box.
   No attempt is made to solve the Schrodinger wave equation for other systems, but the wave functions of hydrogen-like electrons are presented and discussed in some detail, and the quantum states for other systems are also covered. Statistical mechanics is introduced before thermodynamics, and the discussion of thermodynamics is based on it.
   This arrangement reflects the author’s belief that beginning students can understand statistical mechanics better than chemical thermodynamics.
   Aimed at first-year college students who plan to major in chemistry or closely related fields, the book is written in a logical, clear and understandable style.
   In addition, many excellent figures are included, along with numerous problems and 75 pages of appendixes covering such topics as symmetry of molecules and crystals, hybrid bond orbitals, and magnetic properties of substances.

EST 103 Biology – Biochemistry

Characteristics of living organisms.
Photosynthesis, respiration and transpiration inplants.
Metabolism of animals.
Reproductive processes in animals and plants.
Geographical distribution of principal vegetation types.
Plant and animal nutrition.
Basic genetic principles.
Morphology, life cycles, physiology, metabolism and ecology of micro-organisms.
Beneficial and pathogenic microorganisms.
Laboratory classes on light microscopy: plant and animal tissues and microorganisms.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry by David Lee Nelson, Michael M. Cox 1198 pages ISBN 1464109621, 9781464109621
   “Clear writing and illustrations… Clear explanations of difficult concepts… Clear communication of the ways in biochemistry is currently understood and practiced.
   For over 35 years, in edition after bestselling edition, Principles of Biochemistry has put those defining principles into practice, guiding students through a coherent introduction to the essentials of biochemistry without overwhelming them.
   The new edition brings this remarkable text into a new era.
   Like its predecessors, Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, Sixth Edition strikes a careful balance of current science and enduring concepts, incorporating a tremendous amount of new findings, but only those that help illustrate biochemistry’s foundational principles.
   With this edition, students will encounter new information emerging from high throughput DNA sequencing, x-ray crystallography, and the manipulation of genes and gene expression, and other techniques.
   In addition, students will see how contemporary biochemistry has shifted away from exploring metabolic pathways in isolation to focusing on interactions among pathways.
   They will also get an updated understanding of the relevance of biochemistry to the study of human disease (especially diabetes) as well as the important role of evolutionary theory in biochemical research.
   These extensive content changes, as well as new art and powerful new learning technologies make this edition of Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry the most impressive yet.”

EST 104 sustainable Management of Environmental Resources

Introductory course dealing with definitions of sustainability and sustainable development.
The 3 pillars of sustainability – environmental, economic and social.
Renewable and non-Renewable Resources.
The role of population, economic growth and technological progress on the global environment and the depletion of natural resources. Conventional and alternative ways to measure economic and social welfare.
Introduction to economic principles for sustainable methods and tools: Life Cycle Analysis; Ecological, Carbon and Water Footprint.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Environmental Resources by Alexander Smith Mather, Keith Chapman 279 pages ISBN 0582101689, 9780582101685
   Environmental Resources provides a comprehensive text for undergraduate resource management courses.
   It begins with an introduction to natural and environmental resources and then considers them in the context of politics, time and space.

EST 105 Environmental Chemistry

Dealing with the following aspects: Geochemical cycles of elements, Water pollution,

Chemistry, Air pollutants, Geochemistry and Soil Chemistry, Solid waste characteristics and treatment.
Nature, sources and treatment of hazardous waste.
Fundamentals of environmental Biochemistry and Toxicological Chemistry.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Environmental Chemistry Fundamentals: Authors: Ibanez, J.G., Hernandez-Esparza, M., Doria-Serrano, C.,Fregoso-Infante, A., Singh, M.M.
   Holistic approach gives students firm theoretical and experimental grounding in environmental chemistry.
   Perfect for undergraduate environmental chemistry courses, which are becoming more widespread. Pre- and post-laboratory exercises to develop problem-solving skills.
   Innovative sections on waste minimization, environmental legislation, biochemical processes, remediation procedures, and environmental economics.
   The first book in the field to encompass theory and practice, Environmental Chemistry: Fundamentals covers the chemical and biochemical processes that take place in air, water, soil, and living systems.
   The text is written with advanced college students in mind; nevertheless, issues are frequently presented in such a way that graduate students and professionals can find subjects of interest. Available separately, an experimental companion book, Environmental Chemistry: Microscale Laboratory Experiments, provides students with a thorough practical introduction to environmental experimentation.
   By using literature data in many of the examples and problems, bothEnvironmental Chemistry: Fundamentals and Environmental Chemistry: Microscale Laboratory Experiments help students expand their problem solving skills and practice with real situations.

EST 106 General Chemistry II

Principles of electrochemistry (electrolytic cell, galvanic cell, electrochemical potential, etc).
Chemistry of Complexes.
Chemistry of elements of the main groups of the periodic table.
Inorganic quality analysis.
Surface chemistry.
Catalysis (heterogeneous and homogeneous catalytic processes).
Industrial chemical processes.
Introduction to organic chemistry (nomenclature of organic molecules, organic pollutants, categories of organic reactions, etc).

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Ace General Chemistry II: The EASY Guide to Ace General Chemistry II by Dr. Holden Hemswort. ISBN is 9781519546784 / 1519546785
   Learn the important concepts covered in the second semester of a college General Chemistry course in this concise but comprehensive study guide.
   This study guide is a supplemental resource to help students learn/review the important concepts covered in the second semester of a college General Chemistry course.
   The guide is broken down into 10 easy to read chapters and covers:

• • Review of Fundamental Concepts
  • Gases and Gas Laws
  • Thermochemistry
  • Chemical Kinetics
  • Chemical Equilibrium
  • Acid Base Equilibrium
  • Solubility Equilibrium
  • Electrochemistry
  • Nuclear Chemistry
  • And MUCH MORE

EST 202 Soil Science

This course introduces the student to basic concepts of soil science and fertilization of crops.
During the course the following topics are covered: Soil as an independent physical system.
Elements of soil mineralogy.
Soil formation.
Soil texture analysis.
Soil solution and electrolytes.
Soil acidity and soil buffering capacity.
Soil organic matter.
Physical, chemical and biological properties of soil.
General aspects of soil fertility.
Fertilization methods and tools.
The course includes lectures, laboratory exercises and a field exercise.
The soil science laboratory exercises aim to introduce the student to the practical aspect of soil sampling

and soil physical and chemical analysis techniques.
In the context of soil science practical the following topics are covered:

1. Soil texture analysis.
2. Soil density.
3. Soil Porosity.
4. Soil moisture content and soil organic matter.
5. Determination of variety of chemical parameters in soils.
6. Determination of Cation
7. Exchange Capacity (CEC).

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Textbook of Soil Sciences : by Tarak Das Biswas, S.K.Mukherjee ,433 pages ISBN 0074620436, 9780074620434
2. Soils: Basic Concepts and Future Challenges 330 pages EDITOR: Giacomo Certini, Università degli studi di Firenze, Italy . AUTHOR: Riccardo Scalenghe, Università degli studi, Palermo, Italy ISBN: 9780521851732
   This book was born as an international tribute to Fiorenzo C. Ugolini, an outstanding soil scientist, now retired from university teaching and research.
   It is a synthesis of the knowledge of soils, their genesis, functions and management, and includes contributions from leading soil scientists.
   It provides the basic concepts as well as data and practical examples from across the discipline.
   The book also discusses the increasingly important role of soils in enabling the preservation of life and contains a rare attempt to cross-harmonize the Soil Groups of the World Reference Base of Soil Resources with the Orders of the Soil Taxonomy.
   It also considers the possible existence of extra-terrestrial soils based on the findings from the last space missions.
   This volume will be a valuable resource for researchers and students of soil science, soil conservation, geography and landscape ecology.
   Includes clear examples and anecdotes to illustrate the concepts expressed Contains many practical examples coming from the direct experience of the authors, or from reliable studies that can easily be found by the reader.

EST 203 Material and Energy Balances

Review of engineered systems for prevention and control of pollution.
Fundamentals of material and energy balances; use of overall and differential balances to develop fluid flow, heat, and mass transfer equations;

1. introduction to chemical
2. thermodynamics and kinetics;
3. analysis of reactor systems to address environmental problems including solid and hazardous waste, air, water, soil and noise pollution.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, 3rd ed., New York, Wiley, 2005 by Felder and Rousseau, ISBN-10: 047137587X ISBN-13: 978-0471375876
   This best–selling book prepares readers to formulate and solve material and energy balances in chemical process systems.
   It provides a realistic, informative, and positive introduction to the practice of chemical engineering.
2. Material and Energy Balances for Engineers and Environmentalists by Colin Oloman
   Published by Imperial College Press (2009-05-21)ISBN 10: 1848163681 / ISBN 13: 9781848163683
   Material and energy (M&E) balances are fundamental to chemical (process) engineering, environmental engineering and industrial chemistry.
   This text presents M&E balance calculations in a compact, transparent format accessible to students and professionals in the above fields, and to others who want to quantify the physical progress of our civilization.
   The text embraces all topics covered in corresponding engineering undergraduate courses and deals with environmental and sustainability issues of current concern to society.
   The general balance equation is the foundation for a review of relevant science and economics, and hence, for material and energy accounting in batch and continuous chemical processes.
   The text focuses on SI units, using flow sheets and stream tables in computer spread sheets to represent practical systems.
   Worked examples range from simple stoichiometry to modelling multi-unit recycle and unsteady-state processes.

EST 204 Built Environments

This lessons consists an integrated approach to the building from the stage of its conception, as a space of energy exchange between the internal and external environment.
It provides guidelines for the requirements in heating, cooling in buildings.
Basic scientific principles for the bioclimatic design.
Special design strategies for the Mediterranean Area.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. The Built Environment: A Collaborative Inquiry into Design and Planning, 2nd Edition Wendy R. McClure (Editor), Tom J. Bartuska (Editor) ISBN: 978-0-470-00752-5 ,424 pages
   This book takes a sweeping view of the ways we build things, beginning at the scale of products and interiors, to that of regions and global systems.
   In doing so, it answers questions on how we effect and are affected by our environment and explores how components of what we make—from products, buildings, and cities—are interrelated, and why designers and planners must consider these connections.

EST 205 Principles of Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics

Basic problems of thermodynamics, systems and equilibrium.
Ideal and real gasses.
First law of thermodynamics and internal energy.
Second law of thermodynamics, entropy and reversibility of reactions.
Third law of thermodynamics.
Thermodynamic equations, chemical potential.
Phase transitions, equilibrium. Mixtures, phase diagrams, phases law.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Thermodynamics and Kinetics for the Biological Sciences by Gordon G. Hammes Wiley-Interscience: New York, 2000. 153 pp.
   This book is designed to introduce biological science students to some of the important concepts of physical chemistry used in biology.
   The principles of thermodynamics and kinetics are covered and there are chapters on applications.
   Although it is intended for biology students, some aspects of this book will appeal to a wider audience.
   The book contains six chapters, four appendices, and 153 pages. Three chapters are expected: Heat, Work and Energy; Entropy and Free Energy; and Chemical Kinetics.
   The remaining three chapters cover applications: Application of Thermodynamics; Applications of Kinetics; and Ligand Binding to Macromolecules.
   All six chapters have relevant biochemical examples throughout, a selection of six multipart biochemically relevant problems at the end, and a collection of references for those interested in pursuing an area in more depth.

EST 206 Applied Statistical Analyses

This course is based on statistical introductory concepts.
It includes descriptive statistics on data sequences and series, convergence of sequences of real numbers, comparison, root and ratio tests for convergence of series of real numbers.
Standard Distributions: Binomial, negative binomial, geometric, Poisson, hyper geometric, uniform, exponential, gamma, beta and normal distributions.
Poisson and normal approximations of a binomial distribution.
Testing of Hypotheses: Basic concepts, applications of Neyman – Pearson Lemma for testing simple and composite hypotheses. Q- and t- tests.
Likelihood ratio tests for parameters of univariate normal distribution.
Applications for the above concepts will be introduced in lab classes with the software package SPSS. Also, basic principles of the software MATLAB are introduced with data manipulation in matrices.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Montgomery, D. C., Peck E. A., and G. G. Vining, Introduction to Linear Regression Analysis, 4th Edition, Wiley (2006) [required]
2. Manly, D. F. J, Multivariate Statistical Methods: A Primer, 3rd Edition, Chapman and Hall (2004)
   Great reference for reviewing some elements of linear algebra, and for linear discriminant analysis, principal components analysis and canonical correlation analysis
3. Efron, B. and R. J. Tibshirani, An Introduction to the Bootstrap, Chapman and Hall (1993)
   Excellent introducuction to the bootstrap and its many applications. Also provides fresh insights into many topics in statistics
4. Johnson, R. A., and D. W. Wichern, Applied Multivariate Statistical Analysis, 5th Edition, Prentice Hall (2002)
   Covers many of the topics we will study in class. The book is more theoretically oriented than our textbook, and should provide a complement for students wishing to go deeper in the theory
5. Venables, W. N., and B. D. Ripley, Modern Applied Statistics with S, 4th Edition, Springer (2002)

EST 211 Environmental Biology – Microbiology

Introduction to Microbiology.
Cell biochemistry, DNA-RNA and their function.
Introduction to biology and Environmental Microbiology.
Growth of microorganisms and their metabolism.
Biodiversity of microorganisms, bacteria, archaea, yeast, algae.
Microorganisms in the environment and biofilm formation.
Growth and loss processes in nature and role of microbes in the biogeochemical cycles of elements (carbon, nitrogen and sulphur).
Extremophilic microorganisms, their mechanisms and applications (halophilichalotolerant, thermophilic, psycrophilic microorganisms).
Acidophilic microorganisms and metal bioleaching.
Anaerobic microorganism and their applications.
Bioremediation of soil and polluted environment (oil contamination).
Cellulose, hemicellulose and Lignin biodegradation.
Pathogens microorganisms and methods to measure them.
Colony forming unit method.
Techniques to isolate and to characterize microorganisms.
Molecular microbiology techniques: PCRDGGE.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Environmental Microbiology (Third Edition) Edited by: Ian L. Pepper, Charles P. Gerba and Terry J. Gentry  ISBN: 978-0-12-394626-3
   The leading textbook on practical applications and methods in environmental microbiology
   Designed for advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and environmental professionals, this book builds upon the tremendous success of the previous editions with a comprehensive and up-to-date discussion of environmental microbiology as a discipline that has greatly expanded in scope and interest over the past several decades.
   From terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems to urban and indoor environments, this edition relates environmental microbiology to a variety of life science, ecology, and environmental science topics including biogeochemical cycling, bioremediation, environmental transmission of pathogens, microbial risk assessment, and drinking water treatment and reuse.
   The final chapter highlights several emerging issues including microbial remediation of marine oil spills, microbial contributions to global warming, impact of climate change on microbial infectious disease, and the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

EST 212 Ecology

Ecosystem structure and function: energy flow (trophic levels / food webs) and materials cycling.
Ecosystem development. Population biology / ecological interactions: competition and density – dependence; predation and hebivory; distribution and abundance of individuals and populations.
Application of ecological knowledge to sustainable harvesting of plants and animals and restoration of degraded habitats.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Ecology: Concepts and Applications 592 pages Paperback  by Manuel C Molles (Author) ISBN-10: 0077837282 ISBN-13: 978-0077837280
   Ecology: Concepts and Applications by Molles places great emphasis on helping students grasp the main concepts of ecology while keeping the presentation more applied than theoretical.
   An evolutionary perspective forms the foundation of the entire discussion.
   The book begins with the natural history of the planet, considers portions of the whole in the middle chapters, and ends with another perspective of the entire planet in the concluding chapter.
   Its unique organization of focusing only on several key concepts in each chapter sets it apart from other ecology texts.

EST 221 Aquatic Chemistry

This course examines the chemical reactions and processes involved in both natural (lakes, oceans, rivers) and artificial (wastes) water systems. At first there is a brief introduction to general aspects of chemistry; solution chemistry, structure and properties of water and chemical thermodynamics. Next, we approach in a punitively way the chemistry of water solutions with emphasis on chemical equilibrium and kinetics. Major issues of the course are: acid-base equilibrium (pH, pC-pH diagrams), buffer solutions, acid-base titrations, salinity, deposition, metal complication, oxidation-reduction reactions (pe-pH diagrams).

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

Aquatic Chemistry: Chemical Equilibria and Rates in Natural Waters, 3rd Edition 1040 pages By Werner Stumm, James J. Morgan ISBN: 978-0-471-51185-4

The authoritative introduction to natural water chemistry THIRD EDITION

Now in its updated and expanded Third Edition, Aquatic Chemistry remains the classic resource on the essential concepts of natural water chemistry. Designed for both self-study and classroom use, this book builds a solid foundation in the general principles of natural water chemistry and then proceeds to a thorough treatment of more advanced topics. Key principles are illustrated with a wide range of quantitative models, examples, and problem-solving methods.

Major subjects covered include:
* Chemical Thermodynamics
* Solid-Solution Interface and Kinetics
* Trace Metals
* Acids and Bases
* Kinetics of Redox Processes
* Dissolved Carbon Dioxide
* Photochemical Processes
* Atmosphere-Water Interactions
* Kinetics at the Solid-Water
* Metal Ions in Aqueous Solution Interface
* Precipitation and Dissolution
* Particle-Particle Interaction
* Oxidation and Reduction
* Regulation of the Chemical
* Equilibrium and Microbial Mediation Composition of Natural Waters

EST 222 Hydrology

Fundamentals of hydrologic analysis, emphasizing the components of the hydrologic cycle such as precipitation, evaporation and transpiration, runoff, infiltration and groundwater, and the interactions that are of environmental significance.
Application of fundamental principles to quantifying the basic hydrologic processes occurring on watersheds.
Darcy’s law and groundwater flow equations for steady-state and transient conditions, application to flow nets, aquifer testing, groundwater resource evaluation, and groundwater protection.
The role of groundwater in the hydrologic cycle is explored with emphasis on natural groundwater flow systems and their influence on streams, springs, and wetlands.
Effects of topography and geology on regional and local flow systems.
Physical processes controlling groundwater contamination are introduced.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Hydrogeology: Principles and Practice 552 pages 2edition by: Kevin M. Hiscock, Victor F. Bense ISBN : 978-1-118-73825-2 Hydrogeology:
   Principles and Practice provides a comprehensive introduction to the study of hydrogeology to enable the reader to appreciate the significance of groundwater in meeting current and future water resource challenges.
   This new edition has been thoroughly updated to reflect advances in the field since 2004.
   The book presents a systematic approach to understanding groundwater.
   Earlier chapters explain the fundamental physical and chemical principles of hydrogeology, and later chapters feature groundwater investigation techniques in the context of catchment processes, as well as chapters on groundwater quality and contaminant hydrogeology.
   Unique features of the book are chapters on the applications of environmental isotopes and noble gases in the interpretation of aquifer evolution, and on regional characteristics such as topography, compaction and variable fluid density in the explanation of geological processes affecting past, present and future groundwater flow regimes.
   The last chapter discusses groundwater resources and environmental management, and examines the role of groundwater in integrated river basin management, including an assessment of possible adaptation responses to the impacts of climate change.
   Throughout the text, boxes and a set of colour plates drawn from the authors’ teaching and research experience are used to explain special topics and to illustrate international case studies ranging from trans-boundary aquifers and submarine groundwater discharge to the over-pressuring of groundwater in sedimentary basins.
   The appendices provide conversion tables and useful reference material, and include review questions and exercises, with answers, to help develop the reader’s knowledge and problem-solving skills in hydrogeology.
   This accessible textbook is essential reading for undergraduate and graduate students primarily in earth sciences, environmental sciences and physical geography with an interest in hydrogeology or groundwater science.
   The book will also find use among practitioners in hydrogeology, soil science, civil engineering and planning who are involved in environmental and resource protection issues requiring an understanding of groundwater.

EST 223 Principles of Engineering

This is an introductory course to the basic principles of engineering.
It includes the following topics: Introduction –Basic principles of fluid engineering.
Fluid statistics.
Fluid kinematics. Dynamics of perfect fluids.
Dynamics of real fluids.
Laminar and turbulence flow.
Theory of the boundary layer.
Energy balance in tubes/walls. Heat exchangers.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Systems Engineering Principles and Practice (Wiley Series in Systems Engineering and Management) by Alexander Kossiakoff (Author), William N. Sweet (Author), Sam Seymour (Author), ISBN-10: 0470405481 ISBN-13: 978-0470405482
2. A Primer For Model-Based Systems Engineering Paperback by David Long ISBN-10: 1105588106 ISBN-13: 978-1105588105
   This book opens with a justified acknowledgement of the pioneering efforts of Jim Long in the area of model-based systems engineering (MBSE) and an appreciation for his contributions both to the industry and to the authors.
   This reviewer is one of those whose own views on MBSE were also formed and influenced by Jim.
   The primer is well titled as it focuses on the fundamentals of system design, and offers a very readable introduction to persons with all levels of expertise; the novice receives a straightforward definition of terms and concepts and the expert may take away snippets of brilliant insight.
   At all times the authors talk to the systems engineer in a nearly conversational style.
   The chapters are well organized in a logical progression that builds momentum to address the question, “What is Model-based Systems Engineering?” and uses a simplified system application to demonstrate in a practical way how the theory looks in practice.
   The book could just as easily been entitled “The Hitchhikers Guide to MBSE” to reflect its underlying message of “Don’t Panic” and its recurring mantra that reflects Jim’s favorite metaphor of “peeling the onion.”
   In true systems engineering style the book argues for both systemic and systematic processes using a design approach that proceeds in an “orderly, logical, and convergent manner” while addressing the totality of the customers’ needs.
   The book offers a STRATA method that supports deliberate detailed refinement in iterations that proceed layer by layer toward a solution consistent with the context and constraints of each layer, and produces an incremental product that can be preserved in the event of disruptions of the development activities.
   The method straddles the dual needs for both discipline and agility in the problem-solving process while iterating through layers of diminishing uncertainty.
   The reader will quickly observe the recurrence of the number 4, whether coincidently or deliberately.
   There are 4 domains, 4 elements, 4 characteristics, and 4 requirements for a SE process. The authors begin by describing the work of systems design taking place in 4 domains: requirements analysis, functional behavior analysis, architectural synthesis, and verification and validation. There are 4 elements of models intended to represent engineering design: language, structure, argumentation (demonstration of the solution’s fitness), and presentation (or visualization).
   Successful systems models possess 4 characteristics: order, power to demonstrate and persuade, integrity and consistency, and insight.
   One of the important distinctions of these characteristics is that a true model is more than a collection of views or graphical representations.
   As the authors say, “To be a true model, the system model needs to manage the depth, breadth, and associated boundary conditions of the system.” (34)
   The authors also assert that any effective solution-seeking process will satisfy 4 requirements: the process must consistently lead to the development of a successful system, the process must manage systems complexity well, the process must accommodate the three main problem classes (top-down, reverse, and middle-out engineering), and the process must lead to effective solutions across a broad range of customer needs.
   In the final sections of the book they demonstrate how MBSE meets these requirements.

EST 224 Water Quality Analysis

This laboratory-oriented course focuses on the measurement of the parameters that characterize the quality of water.
This way the students will develop the ability to analyse samples from different origins like surface waters and wastes.
In addition, through the study of the physicochemical processes we will achieve a better understanding of the taught analytical theory.
The laboratory exercises are divided into five groups.
At first we describe the natural characteristics of water (colour, odour, taste and dimming).
Next we examine the physical properties of water (conductivity, pH, alkalinity, salinity, total hardness).
The third part includes the inorganic ingredients of water (metals, iron, ammonia, nitric and phosphoric ions, dissolved oxygen, sulphuric and silicon ions) and the fourth part studies the organic ingredients (COD, BOD, TOC, oils and fats).
Last part is the microbiological examination of the water.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Water Analysis: A Practical Guide to Physico-Chemical, Chemical and Microbiological Water Examination and Quality Assurance . Editors: Fresenius, Wilhelm, Quentin, Karl E., Schneider, Wilhelm (Eds.) ISBN978-3-642-72612-5 ISBN 978-3-642-72610-11977 saw the publication of “A Collection of Methods for Water Analysis”, a three-volume work in ring-binder form compiled by W. Fresenius and W. Schneider for the GTZ (Deutsche Gesellschaft fUr Technische Zusammenarbeit), 6236 Eschborn 1, FRG.
   This publication was geared to the needs of a project in Algeria.
   More recently, the editors were requested by the GTZ to produce, on the basis of the previous collection of the water analysis methods, which was published in French, an updated and revised version to be used in different partner countries and for publication in 1985/86.
   This was not only to take account of advances in water analysis and instrumental techniques, but also to include simple methods of analysis for use in the field, and methods suitable for use in laboratories with relatively unsophisticated equipment.
   The approach envisaged by the GTZ was to divide up information on water, water supplies and water analysis into three broad groups, namely: 1. Simple modules on the physics and chemistry of water, water hygiene and water analysis capable of being understood and applied in practice by the layman using suitable chemi cals and equipment (W. Schneider). 2. Information to supplement work by Rump-Krist, also commissioned by the GTZ, on water analysis methods which could be used in laboratories with simple equipment, particularly in the Third World (Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, FRG, 1986).

EST 225 Instrumental Analysis

The main target of this course is to familiarize the students with the most important instrumental analysis methods used in the area of environmental sciences and in particular, chemical quantitative and qualitative analysis.
The course includes lectures and laboratory exercises on the basic principles of operation (theoretical background), sample preparation methods and practical methods of analysis using basic analytical instrumentation.
In particular, the following methods of analysis will be taught: High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), UV-Vis Spectrophotometry (UV- Vis), Infrared Spectrophotometry (IR), Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Gas Chromatography (GC) and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS).

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Undergraduate Instrumental Analysis, Seventh Edition By: James W. Robinson, Eileen Skelly Frame, George M. Frame II , 1264 Pages – 895 B/W Illustrations  ISBN 9781420061352
   Crucial to research in molecular biology, medicine, geology, food science, materials science, and many other fields, analytical instrumentation is used by many scientists and engineers who are not chemists.
   Undergraduate Instrumental Analysis, Seventh Edition provides users of analytical instrumentation with an understanding of these instruments, covering all major fields of modern instrumentation.
   Following the tradition of earlier editions, this text is designed for teaching undergraduates and those with no analytical chemistry background how contemporary analytical instrumentation works, as well as its uses and limitations.
   Each chapter provides a discussion of the fundamental principles underlying the techniques, descriptions of the instrumentation, and numerous applications.
   The chapters also contain updated bibliographies and problems, and most have suggested experiments appropriate to the techniques.
   This completely revised and updated edition covers subjects in more detail, such as a completely revised x-ray chapter, expanded coverage of electroanalytical techniques, and expansion of chromatography and mass spectrometry topics to reflect the predominance of these instruments in laboratories.
   This includes state-of-the-art sample introduction and mass analyzers, and the latest developments in UPLC and hyphenated techniques.
   The book also contains new graphics and addresses several new topics:
   • Ion mobility spectrometry
   • Time domain NMR (relaxometry)
   • Electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR, EPR)
   • Forensic science and bioanalytical applications
   • Microcalorimetry and optical thermal instruments
   • Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS)This text uniquely combines instrumental analysis with organic spectral interpretation (IR, NMR, and MS).
     It provides detailed coverage of sampling, sample handling, sample storage, and sample preparation.
     In addition, the authors have included many instrument manufacturers’ websites, which contain extensive resources.
2. Principles of Instrumental Analysis 6th Edition by Douglas A. Skoog  (Author), F. James Holler  (Author), Stanley R. Crouch  (Author) ISBN-10: 0495012017 ISBN-13: 978-0495012016
   PRINCIPLES OF INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS has long been the standard for courses that deal with the principles and applications of modern analytical instruments.
   Now with their new Sixth Edition, authors Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, and Stanley R. Crouch infuse their popular text with updated techniques as well as new Instrumental Analysis in Action case studies.
   The book’s updated material enhances its proven approach, which places an emphasis on the theoretical basis of each type of instrument, its optimal area of application, its sensitivity, its precision, and its limitations. PRINCIPLES OF INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS also introduces students to elementary analog and digital electronics, computers, and treatment of analytical data. A book companion website is available, providing students with tutorials on instrumental methods, Excel files of data analysis and simulations of analytical techniques to help them visualize important concepts in this course, and selected papers from the chemical literature to stimulate interest and provide background information for study.

EST 301 Environmental Physics

This course provides knowledge on the Atmospheric System (composition and distribution by height), Temperature profile, Atmospheric regions, Hydrostatic equation – atmospheric applications, deviations by height, humidity parameters, Atmospheric dynamics: Stability – Instability. Great importance will be given on the clouds: types, mechanisms of formation, condensation, and artificial condensation, also the equations of gas motion, the general atmospheric circulations and environmental impact

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Introduction to Environmental Physics: Planet Earth, Life and Climate By: Peter Hughes, N.J. Mason , 384 Pages ISBN 9780748407651
   The changing climate and its affect on all of us is becoming increasingly apparent – ozone depletion, hurricanes, floods and extreme weather behaviour.
   Introduction to Environmental Physics challenges the way we think about how and why environmental change occurs.
   This authoritative book aims to cover some of the more common and popular topics addressed in “physics of the earth”, “physics of the environment” and “environmental physics” courses.
   It provides an essentially non- mathematical treatment suitable for a first year undergraduate level course.
   The principle topics covered are the physics of the built environment, the physics of human survival, energy for living, environmental health, revealing the planet, the sun and the atmosphere, the biosphere, the global climate and climate change.
   With contributions from well-respected experts on the subject, this textbook contains a summary, references and questions at the end of each chapter.
   This is an ideal textbook for first year undergraduates in a variety of courses, particularly physical geography, physics, environmental and earth science, with worked examples illustrating principles and vignettes from scientists who have made a significant contribution to the field enlightening the student along the way.
   As the authors say in the preface to this book, “At the outset of the 21st century there are many environmental challenges to be wrestled with, and though the environment is changing, the Physics is not!”

EST 302 Environmental monitoring and Remote Sensing Systems

Specific topics include relationships of landscape morphology and water typology, hydrological cycle, interaction of groundwater and surface water, rainfall-runoff relationships in catchments.
Use of such measurements in environmental modelling.
Remote sensing images by air planes and satellites in the optical, thermal infrared as well as in the microwave (radar) region provide information from small to large scales at different time and places of type of land use, evapotranspiration, soil moisture and the like.
As such it is an excellent method to scale the information from point scale up to the regional scale.
Principles and methods for designing, building and testing systems to sense the environment.
Monitoring the atmosphere, water bodies and boundary interfaces between the two.
Sensor systems for monitoring heat and mass flows, chemicals, and biota.
Measurements of velocity, temperature, flux and concentration in the field.
The class will involve planning and execution of a study to sense a local environmental system.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Real-Time Environmental Monitoring: Sensors and Systems By: Miguel F. Acevedo Reference – 356 Pages – 250 B/W Illustrations  ISBN 9781482240207
   The natural environment is complex and changes continuously at varying paces.
   Many, like the weather, we notice from day to day.
   However, patterns and rhythms examined over time give us the bigger picture.
   These weather statistics become climate and help us build an understanding of the patterns of change over the long term.
   Real-Time Environmental Monitoring: Sensors and Systems introduces the fundamentals of environmental monitoring, based on electronic sensors, instruments, and systems that allow real-time and long-term data acquisition, data-logging, and telemetry.
   The book details state-of-the-art technology, using a practical approach, and includes applications to many environmental and ecological systems.
   In the first part of the book, the author develops a story of how starting with sensors, you can progressively build more complex instruments, leading to entire systems that end with databases and web servers.
   In the second part, he covers a variety of sensors and systems employed to measure environmental variables in air, water, soils, vegetation canopies, and wildlife observation and tracking.
   This is an emerging area that is very important to some aspects of environmental assessment and compliance monitoring.
   Real-time monitoring approaches can facilitate the cost effective collection of data over time and, to some extent, negate the need for sample, collection, handling, and transport to a laboratory, either on-site or off-site.
   It provides the tools you need to develop, employ, and maintain environmental monitors.

Features

• Covers methods that can easily be used in real-life field monitoring
• Discusses sensors and systems employed to measure environmental variables in air, water, soil, and vegetation canopies
• Provides examples of low-cost and open access systems for learning the concepts and techniques covered
• Includes helpful exercises and problems
• Reflects what is current and modern in environmental monitoring

EST 303 Computational Environmental Modelling

This course will be combined with basic computational and programming knowledge.
MATLAB software will be used for applications in environmental modelling.
It provides lectures on Computational model types, Fundamental Conservation Laws (mass, energy, momentum), Transport of Mass and Heat, Transport with Decay and Degradation, kinetics and equilibrium reactions, Transport and Sorption, Numerical and Analytical model solutions, parameter fitting, Compartments and Linear systems, Eutrophic modelling, Molecular Dynamics basics, the equations of motion, weather prediction modelling, Data analysis techniques and Model evaluation.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Land Resources Monitoring, Modeling, and Mapping with Remote Sensing By: Prasad S. Thenkabail, Ph.D. 849 Pages – 319 Color  ISBN 9781482217957
   A volume in the three-volume Remote Sensing Handbook series, Land Resources Monitoring, Modeling, and Mapping with Remote Sensing documents the scientific and methodological advances that have taken place during the last 50 years.
   The other two volumes in the series are Remotely Sensed Data Characterization, Classification, and Accuracies, and Remote Sensing of Water Resources, Disasters, and Urban Studies.
   In true handbook style, the chapters in the volume have been carefully selected, organized, and designed to be self-contained so that you can focus on a chapter and read it through without having to be overly dependent on other chapters. This volume provides comprehensive theoretical and practical coverage of remote sensing of land resources that include vegetation and biomass, agricultural croplands, rangelands, phenology and food security, forests, biodiversity, ecology, land use\land cover, carbon, and soils.

Highlights include:

• Global terrestrial carbon and carbon budgets
• Precision farming
• Agricultural systems studies and soil studies
• Food security analysis
• Biodiversity
• Land use and land cover mapping
• Measuring photosynthesis from space
• Vegetation characterization and above ground biomass measurements and modeling
• Hyperspectral remote sensing
• Ecological studies
• Tropical forest characterization
• Habitat mapping and monitoring

In a very practical way, the book demonstrates the experience, utility, methods, and models used in studying a wide array of land applications.
Considered magnum opus on the subject, the three-volume Remote Sensing Handbook is edited by Dr. Prasad S. Thenkabail, a renowned international expert in remote sensing science, GIScience, and spatial sciences, with contributions from some of the very best leading global experts, the handbook gives you a knowledge base on the evolution remote sensing science, state-of- the-art technology, and a future vision for the field.

EST 311 Environmental Science and Technology

The course includes the following topics:
1) Categories of pollutants, microbial metabolism, metabolism paths, destructive metabolism plasmids, Transformations-nitrogen cycle
2) Biological remediation
3) Environmental Biotechnology
4) Phytoremediation of metals
5) Bio-plastics, bio-polymers
6) Environmental biotechnology applications in the production of bio-fuels
7) Industrial applications of environmental biotechnology.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Environmental Science and Technology: A Sustainable Approach to Green Science and Technology, Second Edition By: Stanley E. Manahan Textbook – 672 Pages – 201 B/W Illustrations  ISBN 9780849395123
   Formally established by the EPA nearly 15 years ago, the concept of green chemistry is beginning to come of age.
   Although several BOOK(S) cover green chemistry and chemical engineering, none of them transfer green principles to science and technology in general and their impact on the future.
   Defining industrial ecology, Environmental Science and Technology: A Sustainable Approach to Green Science and Technology provides a general overview of green science and technology and their essential role in ensuring environmental sustainability.
   Written by a leading expert, the book provides the essential background for understanding green science and technology and how they relate to sustainability.
   In addition to the hydrosphere, atmosphere, geosphere, and biosphere traditionally covered in environmental science BOOK(S), this book is unique in recognizing the anthrosphere as a distinct sphere of the environment.
   The author explains how the anthrosphere can be designed and operated in a manner that does not degrade environmental quality and, in most favorable circumstances, may even enhance it.
   With the current emphasis shifting from end-of-pipe solutions to pollution prevention and control of resource consumption, green principles are increasingly moving into the mainstream. This book provides the foundation not only for understanding green science and technology, but also for taking its application to the next level.
   Features

• Addresses the roles of the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, the geosphere, and the biosphere in the environment
• Highlights the anthrosphere as a distinct environmental sphere and integral part of the Earth’s environment
• Discusses the importance of bringing green principles into the day-to-day practice of science and technology
• Delineates the role of green science and technology in sustainable development
• Defines green chemistry and its role in science in general and sustainable development specifically

EST 312 Ecotoxicology

Ecotoxicology studies the effects of pollutants on ecosystems and focuses on different levels of ecological organization. Covered topics in this course includes: Ecological risk assessment procedures and techniques, development of ecological models that provide ecological impacts on the environment, concepts and practices of water toxicology, including physiological responses to toxic substances.
Bio-concentration.
Bio-magnification.
Ecotoxicity testing (algae, invertebrate and fish) and developmental testing at population level.
Description and prediction of ecological change resulting from various human activities resulting from the release of xenobiotics and other substances in the environment.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Principles of Ecotoxicology, Fourth Edition By: C.H. Walker, R.M. Sibly, S.P. Hopkin, D.B. Peakall , 386 Pages – 151 B/W Illustrations ISBN 9781439862667
   Cutting across traditional subject boundaries, Principles of Ecotoxicology, Fourth Edition gives readers an integrated view of ecotoxicology, from molecules to ecosystems.
   This new edition of a bestselling textbook continues to emphasize principles rather than practice, providing the interdisciplinary perspective and grounding required for research.
   Organized into three sections, the book first describes the molecular structures, properties, and environmental fate of pollutants. It then deals with the effects of pollutants on living organisms at the molecular, cellular, and individual levels. Moving into population biology and population genetics, the third part of the book addresses a question of great interest to ecologists: What effects do pollutants have at the levels of population, community, and the whole ecosystem?
   The book also looks at how ecotoxicology is used in the bio-monitoring of environmental pollution, the investigation of pollution problems, the conducting of field trials, the study of the development of resistance, and the growing area of environmental risk assessments.
   Throughout, examples and case studies illustrate the principles.
   This updated fourth edition includes new material on nanoparticle pollution, bioaccumulation, biomarkers, and chemical warfare in nature, as well as a new chapter on the future directions of ecotoxicology.
   A concise textbook that will also appeal to practicing eco-toxicologists, it provides a solid basis for understanding what happens to chemicals in the real world, where they go, how they ultimately degrade, and how they affect the individuals and populations that encounter them.

Features

• Demonstrates the interdisciplinary character of ecotoxicology
• Describes major classes of organic and inorganic pollutants, their entry into the environment, and their movement, storage, and transformation within the environment
• Discusses the effects of pollutants on living organisms at the molecular, cellular, and individual level
• Relates mechanisms of toxicity to ecological effects at the level of populations, communities, and ecosystems
• Considers how concepts of ecotoxicology may contribute to improved methods of environmental risk assessment
• Addresses the problem of progressing from measuring concentrations of environmental chemicals to establishing their effects upon individuals, populations, and communities
• Includes numerous examples, case studies, and more than 150 illustrations

EST 313 Toxicology I

 

Toxicology I introduces the student to basic principles of toxicology and toxic kinetics and biochemical action of poisons.
Other topics include acute and chronic effects of different types of poisons (eg, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, metals and industrial pollutants), typical routes of exposure to the environment and assessment methods in relation to their licensing regime. Toxicology I practical introduces the student to laboratory instruments used in toxicology testing, procedures and experimental methods for the identification and quantification of toxic substances and their transformation products in environmental and biological samples.
Application of these methods for the isolation, detection and quantification of toxic substances in environmental samples.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. A Textbook of Modern Toxicology, 4th Edition By: Ernest Hodgson (Editor) 672 pages ISBN: 978-0-470-46206-5
   A Textbook of Modern Toxicology is a unique resource that provides both students and practitioners with a wide-ranging, accessible overview of the discipline.
   Suitable for courses in environmental, pharmacological, medical, and veterinary toxicology, this essential text features chapters written by experts who address a range of key topics.
   The Fourth Edition includes additional chapters on new approaches to toxicology – molecular methods (-omics: toxicogenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics), bioinformatics, and systems biology – and continues the legacy of its predecessors to provide up-to-date insights into acute toxicity and chemical carcinogenesis, organ toxicity, in vitro and in vivo toxicity testing, ecological risk assessment, and many other areas of toxicology that help foster a solid comprehension of the field.
   Also featured in the Fourth Edition are end-of-chapter questions and a Solutions Manual available separately for academic adopters.

• Provides a very thorough, concise and up-to-date summary of the most important topics within the toxicology field
• Presents the interdisciplinary nature of toxicological studies
• Continues from prior editions with coverage of basic concepts in toxicology and adds chapters on molecular methods (-omics: toxicogenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics), bioinformatics, and systems biology
• Includes end-of-chapter questions
• Online Solutions Manual available for academic adopters
• Does not require an extensive background in anatomy and physiology

EST 314 Toxicology II

Toxicology II course aims to introduce concepts such as biochemical toxicology, control, regulation and activity of metabolic enzymes.
Molecular and cellular mechanisms of toxic action of substances.
Mode of action and kinetics of cholinesterase inhibitors.
Biochemical and molecular biomarkers at organism level.
Effects of mixtures of chemicals to organisms and ecosystems.
Toxicology II practical introduces the student to the toxicity testing methods and evaluation of results.
The topics in the practical includes: Evaluation of toxicity using bioluminescence bacteria in water and soil samples Soil and sediment toxicity assessment.
Evaluation of toxicity in water using the organisms such as Daphnia magna.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Molecular and Biochemical Toxicology – 4th edition By : Smart ISBN13: 978-0470102114
   Since the publication of the first edition of Introduction to Toxicology , toxicology has become a more mature science, the number of undergraduate and postgraduate courses has increased and thus the need for a regularly updated introductory text has become more pressing.
   This third edition caters for this need in a clear and easy-to-read style, featuring:
   * Up-to-the-minute information
   * Relevant toxicological examples that reinforce principles
   * End-of-chapter essay questions
   * New and redrawn illustrations
   * Glossary of terms
   * Extensively revised bibliographyThe fundamental principles of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion are described in the introductory chapters, as are the types of exposure and response.
   In subsequent chapters these are clarified with the use of carefully chosen examples.
   Among the topics considered are the potential adverse effects of drugs, pesticides, food additives and industrial chemicals.

EST 331 Environmental Economics and Policy

Principles of economics: Demand, supply, market equilibrium under perfect competition and monopoly.
Welfare analysis: Consumer and producer surplus.
Efficient allocation and pricing of scarce natural resources.
Principles of cost-benefit and cost- effectiveness analyses of environmental issues.
Valuation of non-market environmental goods.
Economics of pollution control.
Comparison of environmental policy instruments: regulations, emission taxes/charges and tradable emission permits. Economic growth, international trade and environmental quality.
Evolution of environmental policy in the European Union.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Environmental Economics & Policy (6th Edition) by Tom Tietenberg (Author), Lynne Lewis (Author) ISBN-13: 978-0321599490, ISBN-10: 0321599497Environmental Economics and Policy provides a broad but nuanced introduction to the field of environmental economics.
   Visions of the Future; Valuing the Environment: Concepts; Valuing the Environment: Methods; Property Rights, Externalities, and Environmental Problems; Sustainable Development: Defining the Concept; The Population Problem; Natural; Biodiversity I – Forest Habitat; Common-Pool Resources: Fisheries and Other Commercially Valuable Species; Environmental Economics: An Overview; Stationary-Source Local and Regional Air Pollution; Climate Change; Transportation; Water Pollution; Managing Waste; Development, Poverty, and the Environment; The Quest for Unsuitable Development; Visions of the Future Revisited
   For readers interested in learning environmental economics.
2. Environmental Economics Theory and Policy , AUTHOR: Alfred Endres, University of Hagen, Germany ISBN: 9780521173926
   This intermediate-level undergraduate textbook in environmental economics builds on the microeconomics courses students take in their first year.
   It intentionally does not survey the whole field or present every possible topic.
   Instead, there is a clear focus on the theory of environmental policy and its practical applications.
   Most of the applied parts of the book deal with the economics of environmental policy in the European Union and in the United States.
   The book combines basic environmental economic analysis, such as the internalization of externalities, with recent developments in this field, including induced technical change and coalition theory.
   Moreover, topics from daily policy debates such as global warming are put into economic perspective.
   This is done in an intelligible form for advanced undergraduate students of economics, business administration and related fields.
   Each part of the book contains a set of exercises and suggested solutions.
   Directly integrates economic theory and environmental policy.
   Presents recent developments in this field for Europeans, Americans and international audiences.
   Contains a rich set of exercises and answers

EST 341 Solid Waste Management

Categories and characteristics of solid waste (municipal, industrial, hazardous, nuclear and specific types of waste).
Parameters for the characterization of solid waste.
Household solid waste (composition, recyclable materials, packaging wastes, organic fraction).
Technologies and practices for the management of solid waste.
Recovery, recycling and reuse of materials.
Aerobic treatment.
Thermal treatment.
Sanitary landfilling. Control and monitoring of solid waste management installations.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

Solid Waste Management: Principles and Practice, Authors: Chandrappa, Ramesha, Brown, Jeff , ISBN 978-3-642-28681-0
Solid waste was already a problem long before water and air pollution issues attracted public attention.
Historically the problem associated with solid waste can be dated back to prehistoric days.
Due to the invention of new products, technologies and services the quantity and quality of the waste have changed over the years.
Waste characteristics not only depend on income, culture and geography but also on a society’s economy and, situations like disasters that affect that economy.
There was tremendous industrial activity in Europe during the industrial revolution.
The twentieth century is recognized as the American Century and the twenty-first century is recognized as the Asian Century in which everyone wants to earn ‘as much as possible’.
After Asia the currently developing Africa could next take the centre stage.
With transitions in their economies many countries have also witnessed an explosion of waste quantities.
Solid waste problems and approaches to tackling them vary from country to country. For example, while efforts are made to collect and dispose hospital waste through separate mechanisms in India it is burnt together with municipal solid waste in Sweden.
While trans-boundary movement of waste has been addressed in numerous international agreements, it still reaches developing countries in many forms. While thousands of people depend on waste for their livelihood throughout the world, many others face problems due to poor waste management.

In this context solid waste has not remained an issue to be tackled by the local urban bodies alone.
It has become a subject of importance for engineers as well as  doctors, psychologist, economists, and climate scientists and any others.
There are huge changes in waste management in different parts of the world at different times in history.
To address these issues,  an effort has been  made by the authors to combine their experience and bring together a new text book on the theory and practice of the subject covering the important relevant literature at the same time.

EST 343 Liquid Waste Management

This course deals with treatment and management of liquid wastes and in particular: Categories of liquid wastes (municipal, animal, industrial).
Physicochemical and microbiological characteristics, planning and treatment, treatment plans, use of treated liquid wastes, water enrichment of aquifer, irrigation, treated liquid wastes as a source of water. Sources of water pollution. Biodegradation – aerobic and anaerobic decomposition of organics in water.
Heavy metals and toxic substances.
Water quality related effluent limitations.
Standard quality limits for the disposal of wastewater to water recipients.
Water pollution prevention and control techniques and practices.
Wastewater minimization at source.
Methods and technologies for the treatment of wastewater prior to its disposal (physical, chemical, physico- chemical and biological methods). Advanced methods and systems for the treatment of wastewater. Water saving, recycling and reuse.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

TO BE ANNOUNCED LATER

EST 344 Control and Prevention of Air pollution

Historical review of air pollution. Current state of atmospheric pollution.
Review of major air pollutants origin and health effects.
Definition of air pollution prevention and control.
Basic principles of designing pollution control systems.
Categories of control systems and technologies.
Analysis of major control systems including scrubbers, gravity chambers, cyclones, electrostatic filters, catalytic filters and converters, flue gas desulphurisation, low NOx burners and innovative technologies.
Sources and characteristics of major indoor air pollutants.
The Sick Building Syndrome (SBS).
Categories of indoor air pollution prevention and control methodologies.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Air Pollution Prevention and Control: Bioreactors and Bioenergy. 570 pages By: Christian Kennes (Editor),  Maria C. Veiga (Editor ISBN: 978-1-119-94331-0
   In recent years, air pollution has become a major worldwide concern.
   Air pollutants can affect metabolic activity, impede healthy development, and exhibit carcinogenic and toxic properties in humans. Over the past two decades, the use of microbes to remove pollutants from contaminated air streams has become a widely accepted and efficient alternative to the classical physical and chemical treatment technologies.
   Air Pollution Prevention and Control: Bioreactors and Bioenergy focusses on these biotechnological alternatives looking at both the optimization of bioreactors and the development of cleaner biofuels.

Structured in five parts, the book covers:

• Fundamentals and microbiological aspects
• Bio-filters, bio-scrubbers and other end-of-pipe treatment technologies
• Specific applications of bioreactors
• Biofuels production from pollutants and renewable resources (including biogas, bio-hydrogen, biodiesel and bioethanol) and its environmental impacts
• Case studies of applications including bio-trickling filtration of waste gases, industrial bio-scrubbers applied in different industries and biogas upgrading

Air Pollution Prevention and Control: Bioreactors and Bioenergy is the first reference work to give a broad overview of bioprocesses for the mitigation of air pollution.
Primarily intended for researchers and students in environmental engineering, biotechnology and applied microbiology, the book will also be of interest to industrial and governmental researchers.

1. Pollution: Causes, Effects and Control By: Roy M. Harrison,  579 pages, ISBN 0854046216, 9780854046218
   Pollution: Causes, Effects and Control is the fourth edition of a best-selling introductory level book dealing with chemical and radioactive pollution in its broadest sense.
   The scope of the book ranges from the sources of pollutants and their environmental behaviour, to their effects on human and non-human receptors, to the technologies and strategies available for control.
   The fourth edition has been wholly revised and updated from the previous edition due to the rapid pace of developments in this field.
   Topics covered include chemical pollution of freshwater and marine environments, drinking water quality, water pollution biology, sewage and its treatment, toxic wastes, air pollution and atmospheric chemistry, control of pollutant emissions, land contamination, solid waste management, clean technologies, persistent organic pollutants in the environment, environmental radioactivity, health effects of environmental chemicals, legal control of pollution and integrated pollution control.
   There is a completely new chapter on Clean Technologies and Industrial Ecology, reflecting the growing importance of pollution prevention as opposed to end-of-pipe solutions.
   Whilst originally intended as an introductory reference work for professionals within the field, the book has been widely adopted for teaching purposes at the undergraduate and postgraduate level.

EST 351 Renewable resources of energy

Renewable energy and sustainability.
Τhe advantages of renewable energy.
Solar energy.
Solar water heaters.
Passive solar design for buildings.
Energy conservation in buildings.
Systems for conversion of solar energy to electricity.
Photovoltaic systems.
Energy from ocean and sea.
Wind energy and systems.
Hydroelectric energy and systems.
Geothermal energy.
Biomass and bio-diesel. Green fuels.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Renewable Energy Resources By: John Twidell, Anthony D. Weir, 601 pages ISBN 0419253300 9780419253303
   Retaining the successful format of the first edition and building on its solid grounding in the principles of renewable energy resources, this second edition has been revised in line with the latest advances in the field to include new technologies and an assessment of their impact.
   Considering each technology in depth from both scientific and environmental perspectives, it covers solar energy, photovoltaic, wind, wave, tidal and hydro power, biofuels, geo-thermals and more, as well as featuring a new chapter on institutional factors, including economics.
   In addition, extra worked problems and case studies are also provided to help readers put theory into practice.
   Reading and web-based material for further study is indicated after each chapter, making this text ideal, not only for practitioners, but also for students on multi-disciplinary master’s degrees in science and engineering as well specialist modules in science and engineering first degrees.

1. Renewable Energy  (Fourth Edition)Physics, Engineering, Environmental Impacts, Economics & Planning , Author(s):Bent Sorensen. 954 Pages ISBN: 978-0-12-375025-9
   This volume is a true shelf reference, providing a thorough overview of the entire renewable energy sphere, while still functioning as a go-to information source for professionals and students when they need answers about a specific technical issue.
   Crafted over the last 15 years into a problem-solving tool for engineers, researchers, consultants and planners currently working in the field, as well as a detailed map of the renewables universe for those looking to expand into new technological specialties, Renewable Energy by Sorensen offers the most comprehensive coverage of the subject available.
   The book has been structured around three parts in order to assist readers in focusing on the issues that impact them the most for a given project or question.
   PART I covers the basic scientific principles behind all major renewable energy resources, such as solar, wind and biomass.
   PART II provides in-depth information about how these raw renewable sources can actually be converted into useful forms, transmitted into the grid and stored for future utilization. Finally,
   PART III undertakes the aspects of energy planning, environmental impacts and socio-economic issues on regional and global levels.
   In this fourth edition update, new material includes expanded coverage of biofuels, solar conversion, biomass and fuel cells, storage and transmission, and a new chapter on integrated technologies to introduce the hybrid systems now being explored.
   New surveys and the most recent research findings are included throughout.
   New, thoroughly updated fourth edition of the authoritative field guide to the entire Renewable Energy universe
   The only BOOK(S) to scientific principles and implementation methods, technologies and socio-economics, environmental impacts and cutting-edge advances, all in one volume
   New material includes expanded coverage of biofuels, solar conversion, biomass and fuel cells, storage and transmission, and a new chapter on integrated systems

EST 401 Dispersion Models

This course deals with the basics of atmospheric dispersion, space and time dispersion classes, computational modelling of dispersion, model types on atmospheric pollution, a simple dispersion model,
The Euler and Lagrange approaches, the 2D Dispersion equation, Gaussian dispersion, Instability of the atmosphere, Building effects and stack downwash, wind distribution by height, Chemical dynamics, gravitational settling, dry deposition, wet deposition and errors – reliability of the models.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Air Dispersion Modelling: Foundations and Applications By: Alex De Visscher. 664 pages ISBN: 978-1-118-07859-4 A single reference to all aspects of contemporary air dispersion modelling
   The practice of air dispersion modelling has changed dramatically in recent years, in large part due to new EPA regulations.
   Current with the EPA’s 40 CFR Part 51, this book serves as a complete reference to both the science and contemporary practice of air dispersion modelling.
   Throughout the book, author Alex De Visscher guides readers through complex calculations, equation by equation, helping them understand precisely how air dispersion models work, including such popular models as the EPA’s AERMOD and CALPUFF.
   Air Dispersion Modelling begins with a primer that enables readers to quickly grasp basic principles by developing their own air dispersion model.
   Next, the book offers everything readers need to work with air dispersion models and accurately interpret their results, including:
   Full chapter dedicated to the meteorological basis of air dispersion
   Examples throughout the book illustrating how theory translates into practice
   Extensive discussions of Gaussian, Lagrangian, and Eulerian air dispersion modelling
   Detailed descriptions of the AERMOD and CALPUFF model formulationsThis book also includes access to a website with Microsoft Excel and MATLAB files that contain examples of air dispersion model calculations. Readers can work with these examples to perform their own calculations.
   With its comprehensive and up-to-date coverage, Air Dispersion Modelling is recommended for environmental engineers and meteorologists who need to perform and evaluate environmental impact assessments.
   The book’s many examples and step-by-step instructions also make it ideal as a textbook for students in the fields of environmental engineering, meteorology, chemical engineering, and environmental sciences.
2. Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling: A Practical Introduction by Rod Barratt ISBN-10: 1853836427 ISBN-13: 9781853836428
   To comply with legal and other standards, businesses and regulators are increasingly required to make decisions based on risk assessments of the potential effects of their activities on the environment.
   Atmospheric dispersion modelling is a cost-effective method, allowing various scenarios to be explored before expensive investment takes place.
   This guide offers advice on this environmental management tool.
   Unlike much of the previous literature, it doesn’t focus excessively on the mathematical theory behind the modelling or on modelling for specific regulatory purposes. Instead, it offers an understanding of the background to the methodologies, providing exercises to develop the skills to carry these out and including examples of the use of commercially available models to enable the reader to assess the results of modelling for risk assessment.

EST 402 Tools of Environmental Management

 

Historical perspective, Environmental Management Systems: ISO Series, EMAS. Environmental auditing and its uses.
Life Cycle Assessment. Environmental Assessment.
Evolution of pollution abatement: Carm and and Catrol; voluntary agreements, economic/fised instruments, including carbon trading. Clean Technology: nomenclature.
RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Tools for Environmental Management: A Practical Introduction and Guide 478 pages by Dixion Thompson (Author) ISBN-10: 0889532893 ISBN-13: 978-0889532892
   TOOLS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: A PRACTICAL INTRODUCTION AND GUIDE is a recommended college-level pick for any collection strong in environmental issues or environmental management. It provides a review of the Environmental Management Systems as a whole, surveying over twenty linked tools ranging from product and technology assessment and economics to purchasing guidelines and human factors.
   While billed as a ‘primer’, it’s anything but an easy introduction: college-level audiences already involved in environmental management courses will find it a weighty but invaluable survey.
   With a growing commitment to environmental awareness and protection on the part of corporations and governments, there has never been a greater need for an integrated toolkit and management framework for achieving long-term sustainability targets.
   Author Dixon Thompson responds to this need by presenting a set of 22 environmental management tools that can be applied to a local, national, and international situation. Each tool is described using specific examples, in addition to highlighting the legal requirements and standards, and how best to apply each tool. Included as well is an exhaustive list of newsletters, journals, and useful references for staying informed and up-to-date with a host of environmental issues.
   Tools for Environmental Management is essential for industry professionals charged with environmental responsibilities, academics and students, or anyone concerned with environmental stewardship.

EST 403 Thesis Project

The student is required to undertake, under the supervision of professors of the Department, a thesis project.
The subject of the project should be relevant to the main specialization of the student.
The student is required to identify the subject and prepare a detailed research proposal.
The student should collect and analyse research data and prepare and present the thesis.

EST 404 Global climatic change

Greenhouse gas emissions.
Predicted and observed patterns of climate change.
Effects of climate change on agriculture, forestry, fisheries, natural ecosystems and human health.
Consequences of sea-level rise.
Desertification.
Particular problems faced by developing countries.
The Kyoto Protocol and other mitigation strategies.
Carbon reduction technologies.
Stratospheric ozone depletion and the Montreal Protocol.
Land use changes and loss of biodiversity/extinction.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Climate Change: What the Science Tells Us By : Charles Fletcher, 288 pages

ISBN : 978-1-118-54789-2

Fletcher’s 1st edition of “Climate Change: What the Science Tells Us” places strong emphasis on the peer-reviewed literature in reporting the impacts of climate change on the ocean, terrestrial ecosystems, the water cycle, human communities, dangerous weather patterns, and potential future Earth systems.
The book offers detailed discussion of greenhouse gases, oceanic and atmospheric processes, Pleistocene and Holocene paleo-climate, the human fingerprints of climate change, modelling climate, sea level rise, climate impacts on economic sectors, and dangerous weather patterns associated with climate change.

Fletcher offers the first real textbook to present the science surrounding climate change at the right level for an undergraduate student.
His polished writing style makes this an entertaining read while the pedagogical support and organization helps students better identify and understand key concepts, ideas and terms.
Each chapter is organized with learning objectives, student exercises, videos, scientific citations to promote further learning, and creative thinking problems to underpin classroom discussion.

1. The Science and Politics of Global Climate Change: A Guide to the Debate 230 pages by Andrew Dessler (Author) ISBN-10: 0521737400 ISBN-13: 978-0521737401
   The second edition of Dessler and Parson’s acclaimed book provides an integrated treatment of the science, technology, economics, policy, and politics of climate change. Aimed at the educated non-specialist, and at courses in environmental policy or climate change, the book clearly lays out the scientific foundations of climate change, the issues in current policy debates, and the interactions between science and politics that make the climate change debate so contentious and confusing.
   This new edition is brought completely up to date to reflect the rapid movement of events related to climate change.
   In addition, all sections have been improved, in particular a more thorough primer on the basic science of climate change is included.
   The book also now integrates the discussion of contrarian claims with the discussion of current scientific knowledge; extends the discussion of cost and benefit estimates; and provides an improved glossary.

 

EST 405 Coastal Zone Management

 

Overview

The aim of the course is to learn the need for an integrated approach of problems in the coastal zone and to experience that a multi disciplinary approach is vital for a sustainable development.

 

Learning objectives

Upon completion, the participant should be able to:

• Learn the need for an integrated approach of problems in the coastal zone and become familiar with the multidisciplinary aspects of ICZM which is vital for sustainable development.

 

Tailor-made training

Tailor-made training caters directly to the needs of each client. This means that courses can be organized for groups of various sizes, from one or several organizations, sectors or regions. They can be designed to upgrade knowledge and skills, to introduce new technologies, or to strengthen sector performance, to name but a few options.

 

Programme Structure

Course structure

The course consists of lectures, demonstrations and workshops. The guiding line through the whole course is the idea that a coastal zone should be regarded as an integrated system. This will be illustrated by using several case studies in several countries.

One of these cases (the fictive estuary of ‘Pesisir Tropicana’) will be worked out in a work-shop. In the case studies, the Coastal Zone is regarded as a coastal water/land body in the sense that there are demands for various products and services that the Bay and it environs can supply – that is, it is a multiple-use resource. The regional economy of the area used in the exercise is similar to those in many coastal areas of the world, particularly in developing countries.

There is a large urban complex, port facilities and industrial base, with a well developed service sector. Fishing is carried out in the coastal waters. In the hinter-land, various types of primary production take place, including agriculture and mining. Wage levels, existing pollution con-trol and production technologies are typical of many developing countries. Special attention will be given to the Worldbank guidelines for Coastal Zone Management plans.

 

EST 411 Environmental Biotechnology I

Introduction to environmental biotechnology.
Cell biochemistry.
Microbial growth and substrate utilization mechanism (anabolism and catabolism).
Recombinant DNA technology.
Environmental pollution and biodegradation of organic compounds.
Soluble microbial products.
Growth of microorganisms in close and open systems.
Basic types of bioreactors.
Recently developed bioreactors (membrane bioreactor and aerated biofilm bioreactor).
Introduction to design of bioreactor. Biofilm formation and its role in bioreactor.
Biotechnological process: metal bioleaching, anaerobic digestion, production of bioethanol and biodiesel, production of bio-hydrogen, food process biotechnology.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Environmental Biotechnology By: M. H. Fulekar 620 Pages  ISBN 9781578085828
   This book provides information essential to students taking courses in biotechnology as part of environmental sciences, environmental management, or environmental biology programs.
   It is also suitable for those studying water, waste management, and pollution abatement.
   Topics include biodiversity, renewable energy, bioremediation technology, recombinant DNA technology, genetic engineering, solid waste management, composting, vermicomposting, biofertilizer, chemical pesticides, biological control of pests, and genetically modified organisms.
   The book also discusses bioethics and risk assessment, intellectual property rights, environmental clean-up technologies, and environmental nanotechnology.

1. Environmental Biotechnology: Concepts and Applications by : Hans-Joachim Jordening (Editor), Josef Winter (Editor) , 488 pages ISBN: 978-3-527-30585-8
   A deeper insight into the complex processes involved in this field, covering the biological, chemical and engineering fundamentals needed to further develop effective methodologies.
   The book devotes detailed chapters to each of the four main areas of environmental biotechnology — wastewater treatment, soil treatment, solid waste treatment, and waste gas treatment — dealing with both the microbiological and process engineering aspects.
   The result is the combined knowledge contained in the extremely successful volumes 11a through 11c of the “Biotechnology” series in a handy and compact form.

EST 412 Environmental Biotechnologies II

Environmental biotechnology and biofuel. Industrial biotechnological process.
Enzyme kinetics, Michaelis-Menten. Enzyme reaction and enzyme inhibitors.
Mathematical models of microorganisms.
Design of bioreactor.
Microbial conditions and parameters to maximize the biotechnological processes.

Biotechnological process: production of biopolymers, antibiotics and pharmaceutical product, production of proteins and microbial fuel cell.
Extremophilic microorganisms and their use in biotechnological processes.
Genetic engineering.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Environmental Biotechnology Editors: Wang, L.K., Ivanov, V., Tay, J.-H., Hung, Y.-T. (Eds.) Pages, ISNB: 978-1-58829-166-0 ISNB: 978-1-60327-140-0
   Written by a distinguished panel of experts in the field of biotechnology
   Offers theories and principles that are crucial for solving pollution problems in the modern era
   Emphasizes theories and principles of environmental microbiology and biotechnology
   Serves as an incredible companion to Volume 11: Environmental Bioengineering
   This outstanding collection of science information is designed as a basic Environmental Biotechnology textbook as well as a reference book for scientists, researchers, educators, and engineers.
   The book’s expert panel of authors provides an introduction at a wide range of topics, including sanitary microbiology, microbial systematics, ecology, microbial metabolism, life support systems, solid-state processes and reactors, value-added biotechnology products, anaerobic processes, membrane bioreactors, space life support systems, bio-spherics, natural environmental systems, aerobic and anoxic biotechnologies, sequencing batch reactors, and flotation biological systems. Volume 10: Environmental Biotechnology and its sister book – Volume 11: Environmental Bioengineering – are indispensable as both basic biotechnology textBOOK(S) and comprehensive reference BOOK(S) for all environmentalists. Another gold-standard addition to The Humana Press series, Volume 10: Environmental Biotechnology gives readers a cutting-edge illustration of the theories and principles of biotechnologies, systems, processes, and methodologies.
   Coverage of basic and advanced environmental biotechnologies, systems, methodologies, and processes.
   Emphasis on detailed descriptions, introductions, theories, principles, classifications, and mechanisms of microbiology, ecology, life support systems, and biological processes.
   Reference of practical use to scientists, researchers, educators and engineers.
   Contents
   Environmental biotechnology, microbiology, microbial systematics, ecology, metabolism, life support systems, solid-state processes and reactors, value-added biotechnology products, anaerobic suspended biological processes, membrane bioreactors, closed ecological systems, space life support systems, biospherics, natural environmental biotechnologies, aerobic processes, anoxic processes, suspended-growth processed, attached-growth processes, and flotation biological systems.

EST 431 Environmental impact and risk analysis

This course reviews the methodology of environmental impact assessment (EIA) locally and internationally.
The main elements of this course includes: Introduction to Environmental Impact Assessment, legislative framework (Projects and Programmes), Preliminary Study on Environmental Impact Assessment, Environmental Impact Assessment case studies, Methodology regarding Projects and Programmes, Development cycle for EIA Studies, Strategic Environmental Assessment, Design for Social Impact Assessment, Introduction to environmental risk assessment, Legislative background and Methodological tools for environmental risk assessment, Risk Management, Communication and decision support tools.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Quantitative Environmental Risk Analysis for Human Health By: Robert A. Fjeld, Norman A. Eisenberg, Keith L. Compton, 404 pages ISBN: 978-0-471-72243-4
   A COMPREHENSIVE TEXTBOOK AND REFERENCE FOR QUANTITATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ANALYSIS FOR BOTH CHEMICAL AND RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINANTS
   Environmental risk analysis is complex and interdisciplinary; this book explains the fundamental concepts and analytical methods in each essential discipline.
   With an emphasis on concepts and applications of quantitative tools plus coverage of analysis of both chemical and radioactive contaminants, this is a comprehensive resource.
   After an introduction and an overview of the basics of environmental modelling, the book covers key elements in environmental risk analysis methodology, including:
   Release assessment and source characterization
   Migration of contaminants in various media, including surface water, groundwater, the atmosphere, and the food chain
   Exposure assessment
   Basic human toxicology and dose-response
   Risk characterization, including dose-response modelling and analysis
   Risk management process and methods
   Risk communication and public participationThis reference also relates risk analysis to current environmental laws and regulations.
   An ideal textbook for graduate students and upper-level undergraduates in various engineering and quantitative science disciplines, especially civil and environmental engineering, it is also a great reference for practitioners in industry, environmental consulting firms, and regulatory agencies.

EST 441 Environmental Remediation

Surface and groundwater pollution. Physico- chemical, chemical and biological methods for water remediation. Soil pollution. Physico-chemical, chemical and bio-chemical methods for soil remediation. In- situ and ex-situ soil remediation techniques. Closure, restoration and aftercare of waste disposal sites.
Control and monitoring of surface water, underground water and soil after the application of remediation measures.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Groundwater and Soil Remediation: Process Design and Cost Estimating of Proven Technologies By Marve Hyman; and R. Ryan Dupont ISBN: 978-0-7844-0427-0 ISBN : 978-0-7844-7044-2
   Groundwater and Soil Remediation describes conventional treatment technologies and explains how they are designed and what they cost.
   This practical book provides design details and examples of remediation techniques with an emphasis on the integration of remediation technologies into a process design scheme.
   Chemical engineering techniques are applied to civil and environmental engineering and hydrogeologic contamination problems, allowing engineers to select the best-suited remediation solution from competing alternatives.
   The steps in systematic process design and process control are described in detail for a variety of soil and groundwater remediation techniques, including: metals removal from groundwater, groundwater remediation using carbon absorption, stripping of groundwater, aqueous chemical oxidation, bioremediation systems, soil venting, thermal treatment for soils and sludges, soil washing, and stabilization and solidification.
   Applications of traditional cost estimating methods as well as those developed especially for remediation systems, based on what is often limited subsurface information, are also presented.
   The book provides a logical pathway for determining the best feasible combinations of processes for complex remediation systems, explains how readers can learn to interpret or create piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs), and gives a comprehensive exposition for cost estimating of treatment systems with both traditional methods and computer programs.

EST 451 Design of Energy Systems

The students will be taught the principles of thermal systems modelling, their simulation and optimization of their design.
The course intends to use prior knowledge from other courses so that the student can convert their scientific knowledge into practical engineering applications.
The course will include: Introduction to the design of energy systems; Feasible and optimal design; Heat Transfer and Fluid mechanics; Component analysis of thermal systems; Modelling of the thermal systems’ components; Computer simulation of thermal systems; Introduction to economic analysis and cost/ thermal efficiency design as an optimization parameter; Practical applications.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Energy Systems Engineering: Evaluation and Implementation,  2nd Edition by Francis Vanek (Author), Louis Albright (Author), Largus Angenent (Author) ISBN-10: 007178778X ISBN-13: 978-0071787789
   Evaluating project scope, cost, energy consumption, and technical efficiency is clearly addressed.
   Example problems help you to quantify the performance of each technology and better assess its potential.
   Hundreds of illustrations and end-of-chapter exercises aid in your understanding of the concepts presented in this practical guide.
   Coverage includes:
   Systems and economic tools for energy systems
   Climate change and climate modelling
   Fossil fuel resources
   Stationary combustion systems
   Carbon sequestration
   Nuclear energy systems
   Solar resource evaluation
   Solar photovoltaic technologies
   Active and passive solar thermal systems
   Wind energy systems
   New chapter on energy from biological sources
   Transportation energy technologies
   Systems perspective on transportation engineering

MAS 110 Mathematics

Euclidean spaces, linear spaces and applications.
Matrices, linear equations.
Vectors.
Inner product, cross product.
Sequences and series.
Definite and indefinite integrals.
Calculus, integration.
Area of plane regions.
Differential equations, linear differential equations of the first order or with constant coefficients.
Application of differential equations in physics and biology.
Multivariate functions, the chain rule, partial differentiation, gradients and directional derivatives.
Double and multiple integrals: definition and examples.
The course includes lectures and tutorials.

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

Linear Algebra Done Right (Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics) 2nd Edition by Sheldon Axler (Author) ISBN-13: 978-0387982588 ISBN-10: 0387982582
This text for a second course in linear algebra, aimed at math majors and graduates, adopts a novel approach by banishing determinants to the end of the book and focusing on understanding the structure of linear operators on vector spaces.
The author has taken unusual care to motivate concepts and to simplify proofs.
For example, the book presents – without having defined determinants – a clean proof that every linear operator on a finite-dimensional complex vector space has an eigenvalue.
The book starts by discussing vector spaces, linear independence, span, basics, and dimension.
Students are introduced to inner-product spaces in the first half of the book and shortly thereafter to the finite- dimensional spectral theorem.
A variety of interesting exercises in each chapter helps students understand and manipulate the objects of linear algebra.
This second edition features new chapters on diagonal matrices, on linear functionals and adjoints, and on the spectral theorem; some sections, such as those on self-adjoint and normal operators, have been entirely rewritten; and hundreds of minor improvements have been made throughout the text.

MAS 201 Mathematics II

(Differential Equations) This is an introductory course to the various types of Differential Equations, methods of solution and their applications in Environmental Science and Technology. Topics: Simple Differential Equations (DE) of first order, application– Simple DE of second order, applications – General examination of linear DE – Special methods for constant coefficient equations – Eigen- values and Eigen-vectors of matrices – Systems of linear DE with constant coefficients, solution with matrices – Partial DE, problems with terminal values – Linear DE with variable coefficients

RECOMMENDED BOOK(S):

1. Differential Equations Linear, Nonlinear, Ordinary, Partial . By: A. C. King,  J. Billingham, S. R. Otto, ISBN: 9780521016872
   Finding and interpreting the solutions of differential equations is a central and essential part of applied mathematics.
   This book aims to enable the reader to develop the required skills needed for a thorough understanding of the subject.
   The authors focus on the business of constructing solutions analytically, and interpreting their meaning, using rigorous analysis where needed.
   MATLAB is used extensively to illustrate the material.
   There are many worked examples based on interesting and unusual real world problems.
   A large selection of exercises is provided, including several lengthier projects, some of which involve the use of MATLAB.
   The coverage is broad, ranging from basic second-order ODEs and PDEs, through to techniques for nonlinear differential equations, chaos, asymptotics and control theory.
   This broad coverage, the authors’ clear presentation and the fact that the book has been thoroughly class-tested will increase its attraction to undergraduates at each stage of their studies.
   Class-tested with special attention given to areas students find hard
   Extensive exercises, with solutions.
   Many examples taken from real-world problems

PHYS 101 Physics

An introductory course in General Physics specially designed for students of the Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science.
It covers selected topics from the following areas of Physics: Fluid mechanics, Heat and Thermodynamics, Optics, Nuclear Physics with emphasis on biological effects of nuclear radiation.

The course includes lectures, tutorials and lab demonstrations.